Ruled Egypt from October 9, 1917 as a Sultan and then as king until he died on April 28, 1936.  He was born in 1868  and was the younger brother of  Sultan Hussein.  Britain made him Sultan Hussein’s successor.

During his reign the 1919 Revolution erupted under the leadership of Saad Zaghloul. Consequently, years later and according to February 28, 1922 declaration, Britain had to declare Egypt an independent sovereign state with some reservations. Thus in 1922, Sultan Fouad declared himself the King of Egypt, issued the constitution in April of the same year, and inaugurated the new parliament in April 1924.  In his reign, the first national cabinet, headed by Said Zaghloul, was formed.