The eldest son of Mohammad Ali, he was born in 1789. He took over Egypt’s rule by a decree from the Sublime Porte in March, 1848 due to his father’s sickness. He stayed only seven months and half in rule, as he died on November 10, 1948.

He led Egypt’s expedition to Hijaz and crushed the Wahabi Revolution in 1816. He led the Egyptian army in suppressing the Greek revolutionists against Turkey; led the Egyptian army in capturing Palestine and the Levant between 1832 and 1833.

He won the crucial battle between the Egyptians and the Turks in Nazib in 1839, but the European countries forced him to withdraw from all the areas that he captured.